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politics.
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" As a rule, snakes have simple teeth, all roughly the same shape.
" The surface of Mercury, broadly speaking, can be divided into two types of land area.
for the most part used when saying that something is true in most cases, but not in
every case:
" These problems have, for the most part, been resolved.
" For the most part, local people welcomed the plan.
by and large / in the main / on the whole used when saying that something is
true in most ways, or in most cases:
" The scheme was by and large a success.
" On the whole, the system worked well.
" The people on the whole were very friendly.
" The pictures are, in the main, portraits.
2. To say that something is true about most people or things
generalize verb [intransitive] to make a general statement, in which you say that
something is true about most people or things:
" It is clearly a mistake to generalize from only a few examples.
" It is difficult to generalize about the American police, because there are over 40,000
police departments in the US.
generalization noun [countable] a statement in which you say that something is true
about most people or things:
" Social scientists try to make generalizations about society, based on the best
available evidence.
" A lot of misleading generalizations have been made about the differences between
men and women.
" English people love animals. As a broad generalization, there is much truth in this
statement. (=a generalization which has many exceptions, but which gives you a general
idea about a group of people or things)
" When people say things like "the theatre is for everyone", this seems rather a
sweeping generalization. (=a statement that seems exaggerated and likely to be
wrong)
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Problems & Solutions
Problems & Solutions
Problems & Solutions
1. Problems
2. Small problems
3. Solutions
1. Problems
problem noun [countable] a situation that must be dealt with because it is causing
harm or inconvenience, or because it is stopping you from doing what you want to do:
" Britain faced enormous economic and social problems after the war.
" Classroom discipline is a serious problem in many schools.
" A special force was set up to try to deal with the problem of gun crime.
" The sooner this problem is solved (=successfully dealt with), the better.
" The US government needs to do more to help tackle the problem (=deal with the
problem) of global warming.
" It is in everyone's interest to address the problem (=find ways of solving the problem)
of global poverty.
" The engineers say that they have fixed all the technical problems that could have
caused the accident.
" Professor Murray believes that the root of the problem lies (=the origin of the
problem is) in a basic fault in the car's design.
" Problems can arise (=problems can happen) when people try to defend themselves in
court without help from a lawyer.
issue noun [countable] a problem that needs to be dealt with, or a subject that is
important and needs to be discussed:
" International terrorism is the biggest issue (=the most important issue) facing the
world today.
" Security is an important issue when buying things on the internet.
" Previous governments failed to address (=try to deal with) social issues such as
unemployment and homelessness.
" The issue can only be resolved (=be successfully dealt with) through negotiation
between the two sides.
" Nuclear power is a highly controversial issue (=one that causes a lot of public
argument and disagreement) in the UK.
" Immigration could be a key issue (=a very important issue) at the next election.
STUDY NOTE: Grammar
Issue is used especially about problems that affect a lot of people in society. It is also
often used instead of the word problem because it sounds less negative.
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challenge noun [countable] something difficult that you must do or deal with, which
needs a lot of skill, effort, and determination:
" Understanding the brain is one of the biggest challenges in science.
" She said she was looking forward to the challenge of starting up a new business on
her own.
" The Colombian government knows that it faces huge challenges if it is to win the war
on drugs.
STUDY NOTE: Grammar
Challenge is used especially when talking about something that sounds exciting and
interesting, because it will take a lot of effort and skill.
difficulty noun [countable usually plural, uncountable] a problem that makes it more
difficult to do something that you are trying to do:
" The company has managed to overcome (=deal with) its recent financial difficulties.
" Many people experience difficulty in sleeping at some time in their lives.
" The project ran into difficulty (=started to have difficulties) because of lack of money.
" This type of research is fraught with difficulty (=involves a lot of difficulties).
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